A Study to assess side effects of first dose of Covid-19 Vaccination among GNM students studying at JSS School of Nursing Chamarajanagar
Usha N S1, Sushmitha H S2, Vinay Kumar G3
1Nursing Tutor, JSS School of Nursing, Chamarajanagar.
2Nursing Tutor, JSS School of Nursing, Chamarajanagar.
3Principal, JSS School of Nursing, Chamarajanagar.
*Corresponding Author Email: usha.shanthu@gmail.com
Background: The world is in the midst of a COVID-19 Pandemic. While countries, including India, have taken strong measures to control the spread of COVID-19 through better diagnostics and treatment. Vaccines will provide a lasting solution by enhancing Immunity and containing the disease spread. COVID-19 vaccine has been rolled out recently in several parts of the world. Although the protective efficiency is frequently discussed, little is known about the real-world post-vaccination experience outside of clinical trial conditions. Knowledge about what to expect after vaccination will help educate the public, dispel misinformation and reduce vaccine hesitancy. Objectives: To assess the immediate response to the first dose of Covid- 19 vaccine and to study the side effects of Covid- 19 vaccination. Results: Results of the study revealed that 143(95.3%) participants are not developed any side effects, only 7 (4.66%) participants reported mild side effects within 30 minutes after vaccination, 104 (69.33%) participants are developed mild side effects like fever, body pain after 30 minutes to 24 hours, 14 (9.33%) participants are developed side effects in mild form after 24 hours, only 2(1.33%) participants are developed side effects like mild fever and fatigue after 1 week of vaccination, majority of the participants 149 (99.33%) didn't required any hospitalization and only 1 participant (0.66% ) admitted to hospital due to fever for one day, majority of participants 63 (42%) are recovered from side effects within 24 hours, 28 (18.66%) participants are recovered within 2 to 8 hours, 14 (9.3%) participants are recovered within 2 hours, 4 (2.66%)participants are recovered within 8 to 24hours and 41 (27.3%) participants are recovered after 24 hours. All the participants are willing to take 2nd dose and recommend for their family members and friends to get vaccination.
KEYWORDS: COVID-19, Covaxin, Covisheild, SARS-COV-2, Chamarajanagara District.
The Corona virus COVID-19 Pandemic is the defining global health crisis of our time and the greatest challenge we have faced since World war two. Since its emergency in Asia in 2019, the virus has spread to every continent except Anterctica.1
The outbreak of the Corona virus disease which was first detected in Wuhan city of China in December 2019 is continuing to affect people across the globe.2 In March 2020, the WHO declared the COVID- 19outbreak a pandemic. The pandemic has severely ravaged health system, and Economic and social progress globally. The first case of COVID-19 in India was reported on 30 January 2020. India is currently having the largest number of confirmed cases in Asia.3
In India 1, 11, 24,527 Confirmed COVID-19 cases and 1, 57,248 deaths have been reported as of March 2 2021.4 While countries, including India, have taken strong measures to control the spread of COVID-19 through better diagnostics and treatment. Vaccines will provide a lasting solution by enhancing Immunity and containing the disease spread.3
The world is in the midst of a COVID-19 Pandemic. As WHO and partners work together on the response tracking the pandemic, advising on critical Interventions, distributing vital medical supplies to those in need, they are racing to develop and deploy safe and effective vaccines.5
In response to the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic and the societal distribution it has brought National Government and the International community have invested vast sums of money in the development of a safe and effective vaccines.6
As of January 2021, nine different technologies platforms with the technology of numerous candidates remaining undefined are under research and development to create an effective Vaccine against COVID-19.7
On 1January 2021, the Drug Controller General of India, approved the emergency or conditional use of AstraZeneca's COVID-19 Vaccine AZD1222 (Marked as Covisheild). Covisheild is developed by the University of Oxford and it's pin out company, vaccitech. It’s a viral vector Vaccine based on replication deficit Adenovirus that causes cold on chimpanzees.8
On 2 January 2021, BBV152(marked as Covaxin), first indigenous Vaccine, developed by Bharat Biotech in Association with the Indian Council of Medical Research and National Institute of virology received approval from the Drug Controller General of India for its emergency or conditional use.8
On 16 January 2021 India started its National vaccination Programme against the SARS-COV-2 virus which has caused the COVID-19 pandemic. The priorities Healthcare and Frontline workers, and then those over the age of 60, and then those over the age of 45 and suffering from certain Co morbidities. In January 2021 Secretary General of the United Nations Antonio Guterres said that India’s Vaccine production capacity is the best asset the world has. According to Health asset India has administered 1,56,20,749 vaccine doses across the country as of 2 March 2021.8
On the first day (January 16), 1,65,714 people were vaccinated. In first 3 days 6,31,417 people were vaccinated, of these, 0.18% reported side effects and nine people (0.002%) were admitted to hospital for observation and treatment.8 So the researcher in this study has geared towards to assess the side effects of first dose of covid-19 vaccine among the nursing students studying at school of nursing.
To assess the immediate response to the first dose of Covid- 19 vaccine and to study the side effects of Covid- 19 vaccination
The design adopted is exploratory descriptive approach
The present study was conducted at JSS School of Nursing, Chamarajanagar
150 students those who are vaccinated are selected. All the study samples were vaccinated with Covishield vaccine at JSS Hospital Chamarajanagar on 04.02.2021
The data was collected from the samples after the first week of vaccination in the month of Feb-2021
The study results are as follows:
|
SL No |
Age |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 |
17 18 19 20 21 22 |
16 41 32 47 21 03 |
10.66% 27.33% 21.33% 31.3% 7.3% 02% |
Majority of the participants are in the age group of 17 to 20 years.
|
SL No Sex |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1. Male 2. Female |
21 129 |
14% 86% |
Majority of the participants are Females.
|
SL No |
Response |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 |
Yes No |
Nil 150 |
Nil 100% |
No participants are tested positive for Covid-19 before and recovered.
|
SL No |
Response |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 |
Yes No |
07 143 |
4.66% 95.3% |
Among the Participants, 07(4.66%) developed mild side effects with in 30minutes of vaccination and 143(95.3%) didn’t develop any side effects within 30 minutes of Vaccination.
|
SL No |
Response |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 |
Yes No |
104 46 |
69.33% 30.66% |
Among the Participants, 104(69.33%) participants are developed mild symptoms like fever, body pain after 30 minutes to one day and 46(30.66%) participants didn’t develop any side effects.
|
SL No |
Response |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 |
Yes No |
14 136 |
9.33% 90.66% |
Among the Participants, majority of the participants i.e. 136(90.66%) didn’t developed any side effects after 24 hours and 14(9.33%) participants are developed side effects in mild form.
|
SL No |
Response |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 |
Yes No |
02 148 |
1.33% 98.66% |
Majority of participants i.e. 148(98.66%) did not developed any side effects, only 02(1.33%) participants develop the side effects like mild fever and fatigue after one week.
|
SL No |
Response |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 |
Yes No |
04 146 |
2.66% 97.33% |
Among the participants, only 04(2.66%) participants have reported to Health Care Facility but Majority of the participants 146(97.33%) are not reported.
|
SL No |
Response |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 |
Yes No |
01 149 |
0.66% 99.66% |
Among the participants only one (0.66%) participant admitted to hospital due to fever for one day and 149(99.33%) didn’t hospitalized
|
Majority of the participants 63(42%) recovered by one day (above 24hrs), 41(27.3%) didn’t respond, 28(18.66%) recovered within 2-8hrz, 14(9.3%) participants recovered within 2hrs and 4(2.66%) participants took 8-24hrs to recovery.
|
SL No |
Response |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 |
Yes No |
150 Nil |
100% 0% |
All the participants are willing to take second dose of Covid-19 Vaccination
|
SL No |
Response |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
1 2 |
Yes No |
150 Nil |
100% 0% |
All the participants are recommending for their family and friends to take Covid-19 Vaccine.
The first thing to say is that minor side effects after having any Vaccine are common and the same is true for the new Corona Virus Vaccine.
By this study we found that the participants had vaccination side effects but they were mild and manageable. Among the participants only 14(9.33%) developed side effects like fever and fatigue after 24hrs of vaccination and only 02(1.33%) were developed side effects after 1week of vaccination. They managed the side effects by taking Tablet Dolo 650mg and it is also noted that the side effects were not severe in nature or not required hospitalisation. All the participants are very enthusiastic and feeling safe to take second dose of vaccination and are willing to recommend to their family and friends for Covid-19 Vaccination.
1. Similar studies can be done for large sample
2. Comparative study can be done after second dose of vaccination
1. https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/coronavirus.html
2. www.healthline.com/health/coronavirus-diagnosis
3. "India most infected by Covid-19 among Asian countries, leaves Turkey behind” Hindustan times. 29 may 2020. Retrieved 30 may 2020
4. https://www.mohf.gov.in/accessed 4December 2020
5. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus- 2019/covid-19-vaccines
6. www.nap.edu/read/25917/chapter/3
7. https://vac-Ishtm.shinyapps.io/ncov_vaccine_landscape
8. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_India
Received on 12.04.2021 Modified on 10.05.2021
Accepted on 29.05.2021 ©A&V Publications All right reserved
Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2021; 11(4):552-554.
DOI: 10.52711/2349-2996.2021.00129